Unified indexing framework for reference signals

ABSTRACT

Facilitating a signaling framework for configuring different types of reference signals for wireless communication systems is provided herein. A system can comprise: a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations. The operations can comprise: receiving a reference signal from a user equipment device; based on the reference signal generating a unique identifier from the reference signal; allocating a resource associated with the reference signal based on a reference signal type and a component carrier index list; associating the unique identifier with the resource, the component carrier index list, and the reference signal type in a data structure; and storing the data structure to the memory and transmitting the data structure to the user equipment device.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject disclosure relates generally to wireless communicationsystems in general, and to fifth-generation cellular wirelesscommunications systems in particular to the signaling framework forconfiguring different types of reference signals.

BACKGROUND

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) systems and systems that employ one or moreaspects of the specifications of the Fourth Generation (4G) standard forwireless communications will be extended to a Fifth Generation (5G)standard for wireless communications. Unique challenges exist to providelevels of service associated with forthcoming 5G, or other nextgeneration, standards for wireless communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various non-limiting embodiments are further described with reference tothe accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example, non-limiting system for configuringdifferent types of reference signals;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example, non-limiting example system forconfiguring different types of reference signals in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3 illustrates an example, non-limiting example system forconfiguring different types of reference signals in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example, non-limiting example system forconfiguring different types of reference signals in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example, non-limiting example system forconfiguring different types of reference signals in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 6 illustrates a high-level example, non-limiting method forconfiguring different types of reference signals in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 7 illustrates an example, non-limiting method for configuringdifferent types of reference signals in accordance with one or moreembodiments described herein;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an example embodiment of a mobile networkplatform to implement and exploit various features or aspects of thesubject disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobile handsetoperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein;and

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments are now described more fully hereinafter withreference to the accompanying drawings in which example embodiments areshown. In the following description, for purposes of explanation,numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thoroughunderstanding of the various embodiments. However, the variousembodiments can be practiced without these specific details (and withoutapplying to any particular networked environment or standard).

The most important design in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) 5thGeneration (5G) New Radio (NR) cellular system is removal of the CommonReference Signal (CRS). As a replacement, many of the CRS basedfunctions now are based on user equipment (UE) specific ReferenceSignals, thus the transmissions can be on an as-needed basis. As aresult, several new Reference Signal types have been introduced in NR.For instance, a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) that tracks aphase offset, and a time and frequency reference signal (TRS) thattracks time and frequencies, have been introduced. Further, a channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS) can now be used for multiplepurposes, for example, for mobility, beam management, and/or channelstate information (CSI) acquisition.

Prior versions of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) (e.g., the fourthgeneration (4G) of the LTE), was designed such that reference signalconfiguration was typically based on type. In radio resource control(RRC) signaling, for example, the network firstly configured a list ofCSI-RS resource each with an index value. Subsequently, the network justneeded to use the index value to configure the CSI-RS used by certainfunction. For instance, in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)rate matching and quasi-co-location indicator (PQI) state configuration,the base station device (e.g., eNB device) could simply indicate aCSI-RS index value=2 to be used in this state for purposes ofquasi-co-location (QCL) and physical downlink. shared channel resourceelement (PDSCH RE) mapping.

While the foregoing is a simple and efficient solution, it is notdesigned to handle a system with a multitude of disparate RS types. Inthe NR context, a data structure, such as an index table, is required tobe constructed and maintained for each type of RS. Then, during functionassociation and/or configuration, further signaling can be necessary toindicate the type of RS because some functionality can be based ondifferent RS types. For example, beam management and beam recoveryprocedures can be based on a synchronization signal block (SS-block)and/or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

In addition, design of the NR cellular system has introduced across-component carrier quasi-co-location assumption that allows userequipment (UE) devices to utilize synchronization obtained from a firstcomponent carrier in the demodulation and/or channel management onanother disparate second component carrier. Traditional RS indexing inLTE is based on component carrier (CC), which can add another dimensionin signaling design. For instance, when configuring cross-CC QCL, thesignaling needs to indicate which RS in which CC is QCLed in combinationwith the type of RS.

The following exposition describes and discloses systems and methodsthat provide improved and/or enhanced signaling frameworks that supportunified RS resource configurations with unique identifiers to supportconfiguration of diverse and disparate types of RS. The describedimproved and/or enhanced signaling framework supports configuring QCLbetween the RS on different and diverse component carriers. Further, thedisclosed improved and/or enhanced signaling framework supportsconfiguring QCL between the RS on disparate directions (e.g., uplink.and downlink). Additionally, the described improved and/or enhancedsignaling framework supports configuring QCL between the RS on differenttime periodicities. Furthermore, the disclosed and described improvedand/or enhanced signaling framework supports configuring QCL between thedifferent RS on different measurements.

Turning to the figures, FIG. 1 provides illustration of a system 100 forconfiguring different types of reference signals, in accordance with anembodiment. System 100 can be any wireless radio device that forpurposes of illustration, can be any type of mechanism, machine, device,facility, apparatus, and/or instrument/instrumentality that includes aprocessor and/or is capable of effective and/or operative communicationwith a wired and/or wireless network topology. System 100 can be anetwork device of a plurality of network devices that can form amulticarrier wireless network infrastructure. Mechanisms, machines,apparatuses, devices, facilities, and/or instruments/instrumentalitiesthat can comprise system 100 can include tablet computing devices,handheld devices, server class computing devices, machines and/ordatabases, laptop computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, cellphones, smart phones, consumer appliances and/or instrumentation,industrial devices and/or components, hand-held devices, personaldigital assistants, multimedia Internet enabled phones, multimediaplayers, consumer and/or industrial appliances and/or instrumentationassociated with automotive vehicles, industrial and/or consumerappliances and/or instrumentation associated with aerospace vehiclesand/or satellites orbiting in low earth orbit, geosynchronous orbit, andthe like.

As depicted, system 100 can comprise configuration engine 102 that canbe in operative communication with processor 104, memory 106, and/orstorage 108. Configuration engine 102 can be in communication withprocessor 104 for facilitating operation of computer-executableinstructions or machine-executable instructions and/or components byconfiguration engine 102, memory 106 for storing data and/orcomputer-executable instructions and/or machine-executable instructionsand/or components, and/or storage 508 for providing longer term storageof data and/or machine-readable constructions and/or computer-readableinstructions. Additionally, system 100 can also receive input 110 foruse, manipulation, and/or transformation by configuration engine 102 toproduce one or more useful, concrete, and tangible results, and/ortransform one or more articles to different states or things. Further,system 100 can also generate and output the useful, concrete, andtangible results and/or the transformed one or more articles generatedby configuration engine 102 (and/or generated or facilitated by otherassociated and/or additional disparate engines and/or components) asoutput 112.

In accordance with an embodiment system 100, can receive, as input 110,reference signal values from a user equipment device (not shown) withwhich system 100 can be in communication. The reference signal (RS)values can relate to and be associated with a synchronization signalblock (SS-block) values, channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS) values, sounding reference signal (SRS) values, demodulationreference signal in uplink transmission (DMRS) values, total radiatedsensitivity (TRS) values, phase-tracking reference signal (PT-RS)values, and the like. On receiving and in response to receiving the RSvalue, configuration engine 102, as a function of the received RS value,a RS type, a cell identifier value (and/or cell sector identifieraddress) associated with system 100, an identifier value associated withthe user equipment device (e.g., international mobile subscriberidentity (IMSI), media access control (MAC) address or ethernet hardwareaddress (EHA)), base station device (e.g., next-generation NodeB (gNB),evolved NodeB (eNodeB), . . . ) unique identifier, etc., can generate aunique identifier to be associated with the RS.

Configuration engine 102 can thereafter, based on, or as a function of,a RS type and a CC index list can allocate resources to be associatedwith the RS. Resource allocation performed, or facilitated, byconfiguration engine 102 can be determined based on: RS types,subcarrier values, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)symbol resource values, bandwidth (including bandwidth partconfiguration) values, frequency offset values from an absoluteradiofrequency channel number (ARFCN) center frequency value, frequencyoffset values from a bandwidth part (BWP) center frequency value,sub-frame offset values, sub-frame periodicity values, a valueindicating a number of ports, and the like.

Configuration engine 102, having performed, or facilitated, resourceallocation, can associate the previously generated unique identifierwith the resource allocation, a component carrier index list, and areference signal type in a data structure. Example data structures thatcan be employed as data structures can include arrays, lists, doublylinked lists, array lists, linked lists, self organizing lists, binarytrees, randomized binary search trees, self balancing binary searchtrees, heaps, binary heaps, hash tables, hash trees, directed graphs,adjacency matrixes, adjacency lists, hypergraphs, and the like.Configuration engine 102 can then store the data structure to memory andcan also transmit the data structure back to the invoking or initiatinguser equipment device.

In the context of the foregoing (invoking) user equipment device, thisdevice can be any type of mechanism, machine, device, facility,apparatus, and/or instrument or instrumentality that includes aprocessor and/or is capable of effective and/or operative communicationwith a wired and/or wireless network topology. Illustrative mechanisms,machines, apparatus, devices, facilities, and/orinstruments/instrumentalities that can comprise user equipment devicecan include tablet computing devices, handheld devices, server classcomputing devices, machines, and/or databases, laptop computers,notebook computers, desktop computers, cell phones, smart phones,consumer appliances and/or instrumentation, industrial devices and/orcomponents, hand-held devices, personal digital assistants, multimediaInternet enabled phones, multimedia players, consumer and/or industrialdevices and/or instrumentation associated with automotive vehicles,industrial and/or consumer appliances and/or instrumentation associatedwith aerospace vehicles and/or satellites orbiting in low earth orbitgeo-stationary orbit, and the like.

It will be further noted, in the context of RS received from theinvoking user equipment device, system 100 (and more specificallyconfiguration engine 102) generates an individuated unique identifierfor the RS, wherein the individuated unique identifier is based on thereceived RS, the RS type, a cell identifier associated with system 100,an identifier associated with the invoking user equipment device, etc.In generating the individuated unique identifier, configuration engine102 can also employ one or more crypto analytical techniques to ensureuniqueness of the identifier. Additionally, configuration engine 102 canalso employ aspects of a blockchain technology (e.g., acryptographically secured chain of blocks) for purposes of ensuringuniqueness, security, and for use as a data structure paradigm.

FIG. 2 provides further depiction of system 100, now identified assystem 200, for configuring different types of reference signals, inaccordance with an embodiment. As illustrated, system 200 includes quasicoloration component 202 that in collaboration with configuration engine102, processor 104, memory 106, and/or storage 108 providesconfiguration for different types of reference signals. Quasi-colorationcomponent 202, based on individuated unique identifier for RS (e.g., theindividuated unique identifier previously generated by configurationengine 102), and as a function of each individuated unique identifierfor each reference signal, can provide basic signaling indication foreach RS. Further, quasi-colocation component 202, based on individuatedunique identifier for each RS, can support QCL configuration acrossmultiple disparate component carriers (e.g., RS resources fromdifferent, diverse, component carriers (CCs)). Additionally,quasi-colocation component 202, based on individuated unique identifierfor RS, can support QCL configuration between different diverse types ofRS (e.g., RS resources with different types). Furthermore,quasi-coloration component 202, based on individuated unique identifierfor RS, can support QCL configuration between the RS resource ofdownlink and uplink e.g., sounding reference signals (SRS) and channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS).

FIG. 3 provides a further illustration of system 100, now identified assystem 300, for configuring different types of reference signals, inaccordance with an embodiment. As illustrated, system 300 can includebeam management component 302 that in collaboration withquasi-colocation component 202, configuration engine 102, processor 104,memory 106, and/or storage 108 can provide configuration for differenttypes of reference signals. Beam management component 302, based onindividuated unique identifier for RS (e.g., the individuated uniqueidentifier previously generated by configuration engine 102), and as afunction of each individuated unique identifier for each referencesignal, can provide reference symbol received power (RSRP) measurementvalues and reporting configuration values that includes an individuatedunique identifier which can indicate the type of RS for measurement. Forinstance, synchronization signal block (SS-block) based RSRP and/orCSI-RS based RSRP can be supported by the same signaling framework.

FIG. 4 provides additional illustration of system 100, now identified assystem 400, for configuring different types of reference signals, inaccordance with an embodiment. As illustrated, system 400 can includechannel state component 402 that in conjunction with beam managementcomponent 302, quasi-colocation component 202, configuration engine 102,processor 104, memory 106, and/or storage 108 can provide and facilitateconfiguration of different types of reference signals. Channel statecomponent 402, based on individuated unique identifier for RS (e.g., theindividuated unique identifier previously generated by configurationengine 102), and as a function of each individuated unique identifierfor each reference signal, can support aperiodic CSI-RS, periodicCSI-RS, and semi-persistent CSI-RS. In accordance with an embodiment,channel state component 402, for downlink control information (DCI)based triggering, can configure RS resources as a function of eachindividuated unique identifier for each DCI triggering state, in whichcase, the periodicity information is typically overwritten by thetriggering timing for aperiodic

In accordance with an additional embodiment, channel state component402, for semi-persistent triggering, can configure a group of RSresources as a function of each of the individuated unique identifiersassociated with the group of RS resources, and then can use a mediumaccess control common element (MAC-CE) to activate or deactivate thegroup of RS resources. In this case, the periodicity and sub-frameoffset is used with the activation duration determined by the MAC-CE.

In a further embodiment, channel state component 402, for periodictriggering, can configure RS resources in radio resource control (RRC)signaling as a function of each individuated unique identifier of the RSresources comprising RRC signaling, and then the CSI-RS transmissionfollows the periodicity and sub-frame offset defined in each RSresource.

FIG. 5 provides further illustration of system 100, now identified assystem 500, for configuring different types of reference signals, inaccordance with an embodiment. System 500 can include radio resourcemanagement component 502 that in cooperation with channel statecomponent 402, beam management component 402, quasi-colocation component202, configuration engine 102, processor 104, memory 106, and/or storage108 can facilitate configuration of different types of referencesignals. In accordance with an embodiment, when a user equipment deviceis configured with multiple RS types for radio resource management (RRM)measurement on a given CC or BWP, when reporting a measurement valueassociated with each of multiple RS types, the user equipment device canindicate the RS(s) utilized for a given measurement along with thecorresponding unique identifier for RS (e.g., the individuated uniqueidentifier previously generated by configuration engine 102 andtransmitted to the user equipment device and included in a datastructure). Radio resource management component 502 therefore canreceive, from communicating user equipment devices, measurement valuesassociated with each type of RS as part of a measurement object.Additional measurement values that can comprise the measurement objectcan include other associated higher layer (e.g., radio resource control(RRC)) indicated measurements and reporting configurations.

In an additional embodiment, when configuring intra-or inter-frequencymeasurements for a given user equipment device, a unique identifier(e.g., the individuated unique identifier previously generated byconfiguration engine 102 and transmitted to the user equipment deviceand included in a data structure) can be received by radio resourcemanagement component 502. The unique identifier can indicate a link to acommon RS configuration which can be used for multiple purposes, suchas, CSI-RS can be used for beam management, CSI acquisition, and/or LTELayer 3 (L3) mobility.

FIG. 6 illustrates a method 600 for configuring different types ofreference signals, in accordance with an embodiment. Method 600 can beimplemented on the base station device, such as system 100, whereupon at602 system 100, as a function of a received RS value, a RS type, a cellidentifier value and/or cell sector identifier address) associated withsystem 100, an identifier value associated with a user equipment device(e.g., international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), media accesscontrol (MAC) address or ethernet hardware address (EHA)), base stationdevice (e.g., next-generation NodeB (gNB), evolved NodeB (eNodeB), . . .) unique identifier, etc., can generate a unique identifier to beassociated with the RS. At 604 based on, or as a function of, a RS typeand a CC index list, resources can be allocate and associated with theRS. Resource allocation can be determined based on: RS types, subcarriervalues, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbolresource values, bandwidth (including bandwidth part configuration)values, frequency offset values from an absolute radiofrequency channelnumber (ARFCN) center frequency value, frequency offset values from abandwidth part (BWP) center frequency value, sub-frame offset values,sub-frame periodicity values, a value indicating a number of ports, etc.At 606 the previously generated unique identifier can be associated withthe resource allocation, a component carrier index list, and a referencesignal type and placed in an appropriate data structure. At 608 the datastructure can be persisted to memory and can also be transmitted to auser equipment device.

FIG. 7 illustrates a method 700 for configuring different types ofreference signals, in accordance with an embodiment. Method 700 cancommence at 702 where a reference signal (RS) from a user equipmentdevice can be received. At 704, as a function of the received RS value,a RS type, a cell identifier value and/or cell sector identifieraddress, an identifier value associated with the user equipment device,such as: international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), media accesscontrol (MAC) address, or ethernet hardware address (EHA), or basestation device unique identifier, can generate a unique identifier to beassociated with the RS. The unique identifier can then be associatedinto an appropriate data structure with a generated resource allocation,a component carrier index list, and reference signal type, after whichthe data structure can be stored to memory (e.g., memory 106 and/orstorage 108) or a database device of plurality of database devices. Thedata structure can also be transmitted to a user equipment device,whereupon the user equipment device can store the data structure tomemories associated with the user equipment device.

The various aspects described herein can relate to new radio, which canbe deployed as a standalone radio access technology or as anon-standalone radio access technology assisted by another radio accesstechnology, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), for example. It should benoted that although various aspects and embodiments have been describedherein in the context of 5G, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System(UMTS), and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE), or other next generationnetworks, the disclosed aspects are not limited to 5G, a UMTSimplementation, and/or an LTE implementation as the techniques can alsobe applied in 3G, 4G, or LTE systems. For example, aspects or featuresof the disclosed embodiments can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology. Such wireless communicationtechnologies can include UMTS, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA),Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), GeneralPacket Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, Third Generation PartnershipProject (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), EvolvedHigh Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Zigbee, or anotherIEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally, substantially all aspectsdisclosed herein can be exploited in legacy telecommunicationtechnologies.

As used herein, “5G” can also be referred to as New Radio (NR) access.Accordingly, systems, methods, and/or machine-readable storage media forfacilitating management of group common downlink control channels for 5Gsystems are desired. As used herein, one or more aspects of a 5G networkcan comprise, but is not limited to, data rates of several tens ofmegabits per second (Mbps) supported for tens of thousands of users; atleast one gigabit per second (Gbps) to be offered simultaneously to tensof users (e.g., tens of workers on the same office floor); severalhundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections supported for massivesensor deployments; spectral efficiency significantly enhanced comparedto 4G; improvement in coverage relative to 4G; signaling efficiencyenhanced compared to 4G; and/or latency significantly reduced comparedto LTE.

In a described embodiment, a system can comprise a processor and amemory that stores machine-executable instructions and/orcomputer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor,facilitate performance of operations. The operations can comprisereceiving, from a network device of network devices, downlinktransmission data comprising downlink control information applicable toa downlink channel of the network device; as a function of the downlinktransmission data, adjusting a subband of subbands resulting in anaggregation of multiple subbands; and transmitting uplink radio trafficdata via the aggregation of multiple subbands to the network device.

The downlink transmission data can further comprise physical downlinkshared channel data; reference signal for channel state informationacquisition data applicable to the downlink channel of the networkdevice; and radio resource management data applicable to the downlinkchannel of the network device.

Additional operations can comprise receiving the downlink transmissiondata in a first subband of the subband of subbands; in response to thenetwork device using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexingencoding scheme, receiving a first orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing symbol representing the downlink control information (DCI)data in a first subband of the subband of subbands; and receiving asecond orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol subsequent tothe first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, and whereinthe second orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol comprisesphysical downlink shared channel data.

In further described embodiment, a method that can comprise receiving,by a system comprising a processor, downlink transmission datacomprising downlink control information applicable to a downlink channelof a network device of network devices; as a function of the downlinktransmission data, adjusting, by the system, a subband of subbandsresulting in an aggregation of multiple subbands; and transmitting, bythe system, uplink radio traffic data via the aggregation of multiplesubbands to the network device.

The downlink transmission data can further comprise physical downlinkshared channel data; reference signal for channel state informationacquisition data applicable to the downlink channel of the networkdevice; and/or radio resource management data applicable to the downlinkchannel of the network device.

Further acts that can be performed by the method comprise receiving thedownlink transmission data in a first subband of the subband ofsubbands; in response to the network device using an orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing encoding scheme, receiving, by thesystem, a first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbolrepresenting the downlink control information (DCI) data in a firstsubband of the subband of subbands; and receiving, by the system, asecond orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol subsequent tothe first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, and whereinthe second orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol comprisesphysical downlink shared channel data.

In another embodiment, a machine-readable storage medium, comprisingexecutable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitateperformance of operations, is described. The operations can comprise:receiving, from a network device of network devices, downlinktransmission data comprising downlink control information applicable toa downlink channel of the network device; as a function of the downlinktransmission data, adjusting a subband of subbands resulting in anaggregation of multiple subbands; and transmitting uplink radio trafficdata via the aggregation of multiple subbands to the network device.

The downlink transmission data can further comprise physical downlinkshared channel data; reference signal for channel state informationacquisition data applicable to the downlink channel of the networkdevice; and/or radio resource management data applicable to the downlinkchannel of the network device.

Additional operations can comprise receiving the downlink transmissiondata in a first subband of the subband of subbands; in response to thenetwork device using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexingencoding scheme, receiving a first orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing symbol representing the downlink control information (DCI)data in a first subband of the subband of subbands; and receiving asecond orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol subsequent tothe first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, and whereinthe second orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol comprisesphysical downlink shared channel data.

Further described are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, andother embodiments or implementations that can facilitate virtual carrieraggregation for wideband operation of wireless communication systems ina 5G network. Facilitating of virtual carrier aggregation for widebandoperation of wireless communication systems in a 5G network can beimplemented in connection with any type of device with a connection tothe communications network (e.g., a mobile handset, a computer, ahandheld device, etc.) any Internet of things (IoT) device (e.g.,toaster, coffee maker, blinds, music players, speakers, etc.), and/orany connected vehicles (cars, airplanes, space rockets, and/or other atleast partially automated vehicles (e.g., drones)). In some embodiments,the non-limiting term User Equipment (UE) is used. It can refer to anytype of wireless device that communicates with a radio network node in acellular or mobile communication system. Examples of UE are targetdevice, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE capable ofmachine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobile terminals,smart phone, Laptop Embedded Equipped (LEE), laptop mounted equipment(LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the terms element, elements andantenna ports can be interchangeably used but carry the same meaning inthis disclosure. The embodiments are applicable to single carrier aswell as to Multi-Carrier (MC) or Carrier Aggregation (CA) operation ofthe UE. The term Carrier Aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g.,interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system,” “multi-cell operation,”“multi-carrier operation,” “multi-carrier” transmission and/orreception.

In some embodiments, the non-limiting term radio network node or simplynetwork node is used. It can refer to any type of network node thatserves one or more UEs and/or that is coupled to other network nodes ornetwork elements or any radio node from where the one or more UEsreceive a signal. Examples of radio network nodes are Node B, BaseStation (BS), Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) node such as MSR BS, eNode B,network controller, Radio Network Controller (RNC), Base StationController (BSC), relay, donor node controlling relay, Base TransceiverStation (BTS), Access Point (AP), transmission points, transmissionnodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in Distributed Antenna System (DAS) etc.

Cloud Radio Access Networks (RAN) can enable the implementation ofconcepts such as Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network FunctionVirtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This disclosure can facilitate ageneric channel state information framework design for a 5G network.Certain embodiments of this disclosure can comprise an SDN controllerthat can control routing of traffic within the network and between thenetwork and traffic destinations. The SDN controller can be merged withthe 5G network architecture to enable service deliveries via openApplication Programming Interfaces (APIs) and move the network coretowards an all Internet Protocol (IP), cloud based, and software driventelecommunications network. The SDN controller can work with, or takethe place of Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) network elementsso that policies such as quality of service and traffic management androuting can be synchronized and managed end to end.

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G standards canbe applied to 5G, also called New Radio (NR) access. 5G networks cancomprise the following: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond supported for tens of thousands of users; 1 gigabit per secondcan be offered simultaneously (or concurrently) to tens of workers onthe same office floor; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous (orconcurrent) connections can be supported for massive sensor deployments;spectral efficiency can be enhanced compared to 4G; improved coverage;enhanced signaling efficiency; and reduced latency compared to LTE. Inmulticarrier system such as OFDM, each subcarrier can occupy bandwidth(e.g., subcarrier spacing). If the carriers use the same bandwidthspacing, then it can be considered a single numerology. However, if thecarriers occupy different bandwidth and/or spacing, then it can beconsidered a multiple numerology.

FIG. 8 presents an example embodiment 800 of a mobile network platform810 that can implement and exploit one or more aspects of the disclosedsubject matter described herein. Generally, wireless network platform810 can include components, e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers,or disparate platforms, that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g.,internet protocol (IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM))and circuit-switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data), as well ascontrol generation for networked wireless telecommunication. As anon-limiting example, wireless network platform 810 can be included intelecommunications carrier networks, and can be considered carrier-sidecomponents as discussed elsewhere herein. Mobile network platform 810includes CS gateway node(s) 812 which can interface CS traffic receivedfrom legacy networks like telephony network(s) 840 (e.g., publicswitched telephone network (PSTN), or public land mobile network (PLMN))or a signaling system #7 (SS7) network 870. Circuit switched gatewaynode(s) 812 can authorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arisingfrom such networks. Additionally, CS gateway node(s) 812 can accessmobility, or roaming, data generated through SS7 network 870; forinstance, mobility data stored in a visited location register (VLR),which can reside in memory 830. Moreover, CS gateway node(s) 812interfaces CS-based traffic and signaling and PS gateway node(s) 818. Asan example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, CS gateway node(s) 812 can berealized at least in part in gateway GPRS support node(s) (GGSN). Itshould be appreciated that functionality and specific operation of CSgateway node(s) 812, PS gateway node(s) 818, and serving node(s) 816, isprovided and dictated by radio technology(ies) utilized by mobilenetwork platform 810 for telecommunication.

In addition to receiving and processing CS-switched traffic andsignaling, PS gateway node(s) 818 can authorize and authenticatePS-based data sessions with served mobile devices. Data sessions caninclude traffic, or content(s), exchanged with networks external to thewireless network platform 810, like wide area network(s) (WANs) 850,enterprise network(s) 870, and service network(s) 880, which can beembodied in local area network(s) (LANs), can also be interfaced withmobile network platform 810 through PS gateway node(s) 818. It is to benoted that WANs 850 and enterprise network(s) 860 can embody, at leastin part, a service network(s) like IP multimedia subsystem (IMS). Basedon radio technology layer(s) available in technology resource(s) 817,packet-switched gateway node(s) 818 can generate packet data protocolcontexts when a data session is established; other data structures thatfacilitate routing of packetized data also can be generated. To thatend, in an aspect, PS gateway node(s) 818 can include a tunnel interface(e.g., tunnel termination gateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (notshown)) which can facilitate packetized communication with disparatewireless network(s), such as Wi-Fi networks.

In embodiment 800, wireless network platform 810 also includes servingnode(s) 816 that, based upon available radio technology layer(s) withintechnology resource(s) 817, convey the various packetized flows of datastreams received through PS gateway node(s) 818. It is to be noted thatfor technology resource(s) 817 that rely primarily on CS communication,server node(s) can deliver traffic without reliance on PS gatewaynode(s) 818; for example, server node(s) can embody at least in part amobile switching center. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, servingnode(s) 816 can be embodied in serving GPRS support node(s) (SGSN).

For radio technologies that exploit packetized communication, server(s)814 in wireless network platform 810 can execute numerous applicationsthat can generate multiple disparate packetized data streams or flows,and manage (e.g., schedule, queue, format . . . ) such flows. Suchapplication(s) can include add-on features to standard services (forexample, provisioning, billing, customer support . . . ) provided bywireless network platform 810. Data streams (e.g., content(s) that arepart of a voice call or data session) can be conveyed to PS gatewaynode(s) 818 for authorization/authentication and initiation of a datasession, and to serving node(s) 816 for communication thereafter. Inaddition to application server, server(s) 814 can include utilityserver(s), a utility server can include a provisioning server, anoperations and maintenance server, a security server that can implementat least in part a certificate authority and firewalls as well as othersecurity mechanisms, and the like. In an aspect, security server(s)secure communication served through wireless network platform 810 toensure network's operation and data integrity in addition toauthorization and authentication procedures that CS gateway node(s) 812and PS gateway node(s) 818 can enact. Moreover, provisioning server(s)can provision services from external network(s) like networks operatedby a disparate service provider; for instance, WAN 850 or GlobalPositioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown). Provisioning server(s)can also provision coverage through networks associated to wirelessnetwork platform 810 (e.g., deployed and operated by the same serviceprovider), such as femto-cell network(s) (not shown) that enhancewireless service coverage within indoor confined spaces and offloadradio access network resources in order to enhance subscriber serviceexperience within a home or business environment by way of UE 875.

It is to be noted that server(s) 814 can include one or more processorsconfigured to confer at least in part the functionality of macro networkplatform 810. To that end, the one or more processor can execute codeinstructions stored in memory 830, for example. It is should beappreciated that server(s) 814 can include a content manager 815, whichoperates in substantially the same manner as described hereinbefore.

In example embodiment 800, memory 830 can store information related tooperation of wireless network platform 810. Other operationalinformation can include provisioning information of mobile devicesserved through wireless platform network 810, subscriber databases;application intelligence, pricing schemes, e.g., promotional rates,flat-rate programs, couponing campaigns; technical specification(s)consistent with telecommunication protocols for operation of disparateradio, or wireless, technology layers; and so forth. Memory 830 can alsostore information from at least one of telephony network(s) 840, WAN850, enterprise network(s) 860, or SS7 network 870. In an aspect, memory830 can be, for example, accessed as part of a data store component oras a remotely connected memory store.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample mobile handset 900 operable to engage in a system architecturethat facilitates wireless communications according to one or moreembodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset is illustratedherein, it will be understood that other devices can be a mobile device,and that the mobile handset is merely illustrated to provide context forthe embodiments of the various embodiments described herein. Thefollowing discussion is intended to provide a brief, general descriptionof an example of a suitable environment in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices.

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD ROM,digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magneticcassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store thedesired information and which can be accessed by the computer.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The handset includes a processor 902 for controlling and processing allonboard operations and functions. A memory 904 interfaces to theprocessor 902 for storage of data and one or more applications 906(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.).Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voicecommands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. Theapplications 906 can be stored in the memory 904 and/or in a firmware908, and executed by the processor 902 from either or both the memory904 or/and the firmware 908. The firmware 908 can also store startupcode for execution in initializing the handset 900. A communicationscomponent 910 interfaces to the processor 902 to facilitatewired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellularnetworks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component910 can also include a suitable cellular transceiver 911 (e.g., a GSMtransceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver 913 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax)for corresponding signal communications. The handset 900 can be a devicesuch as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communicationscapabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communicationscomponent 910 also facilitates communications reception from terrestrialradio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, andInternet-based radio services networks.

The handset 900 includes a display 912 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 912 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 912 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface914 is provided in communication with the processor 902 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 900, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 916, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 916 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 900 can include a slot interface 918 for accommodating a SIC(Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a card SubscriberIdentity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 920, and interfacing the SIM card920 with the processor 902. However, it is to be appreciated that theSIM card 920 can be manufactured into the handset 900, and updated bydownloading data and software.

The handset 900 can process IP data traffic through the communicationscomponent 910 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 900 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or a decoded format.

A video processing component 922 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 922can aid in facilitating the generation, editing, and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 900 also includes a power source 924 in the form ofbatteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 924 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 926.

The handset 900 can also include a video component 930 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 930 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 932 facilitates geographically locating the handset 900. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 934facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 934 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 934 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 906, a hysteresis component 936facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 938 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 936 when the Wi-Fi transceiver913 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 940 enables thehandset 900 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriber withthe SIP registrar server. The applications 906 can also include a client942 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play and storeof multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 900, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 910, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 913 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 900. The handset 900 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample computer 1000 operable to engage in a system architecture thatfacilitates wireless communications according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. The computer 1000 can provide networking andcommunication capabilities between a wired or wireless communicationnetwork and a server (e.g., Microsoft server) and/or communicationdevice. In order to provide additional context for various aspectsthereof, FIG. 10 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment in whichthe various aspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitatethe establishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party.While the description above is in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers,those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can beimplemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media can embody computer-readable instructions, datastructures, program modules, or other structured or unstructured data ina data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave orother transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery ortransport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way ofexample, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference to FIG. 10, implementing various aspects described hereinwith regards to the end-user device can include a computer 1000, thecomputer 1000 including a processing unit 1004, a system memory 1006 anda system bus 1008. The system bus 1008 couples system componentsincluding, but not limited to, the system memory 1006 to the processingunit 1004. The processing unit 1004 can be any of various commerciallyavailable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi processorarchitectures can also be employed as the processing unit 1004.

The system bus 1008 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1006includes read-only memory (ROM) 1027 and random access memory (RAM)1012. A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in a non-volatilememory 1027 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basicroutines that help to transfer information between elements within thecomputer 1000, such as during start-up. The RAM 1012 can also include ahigh-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1000 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1014 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 1014 can also beconfigured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), amagnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1016, (e.g., to read from or write to aremovable diskette 1018) and an optical disk drive 1020, (e.g., readinga CD-ROM disk 1022 or, to read from or write to other high capacityoptical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive 1014, magnetic diskdrive 1016 and optical disk drive 1020 can be connected to the systembus 1008 by a hard disk drive interface 1024, a magnetic disk driveinterface 1026 and an optical drive interface 1028, respectively. Theinterface 1024 for external drive implementations includes at least oneor both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 interfacetechnologies. Other external drive connection technologies are withincontemplation of the subject innovation.

The drives and their associated computer-readable media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1000 the drives and mediaaccommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format.Although the description of computer-readable media above refers to aHDD, a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media suchas a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the artthat other types of media which are readable by a computer 1000, such aszip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and thelike, can also be used in the exemplary operating environment, andfurther, that any such media can contain computer-executableinstructions for performing the methods of the disclosed innovation.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1012,including an operating system 1030, one or more application programs1032, other program modules 1034 and program data 1036. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1012. It is to be appreciated that the innovation canbe implemented with various commercially available operating systems orcombinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1000 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1038 and apointing device, such as a mouse 1040. Other input devices (not shown)can include a microphone, an IR remote control, a joystick, a game pad,a stylus pen, touch screen, or the like. These and other input devicesare often connected to the processing unit 1004 through an input deviceinterface 1042 that is coupled to the system bus 1008, but can beconnected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.

A monitor 1044 or other type of display device is also connected to thesystem bus 1008 through an interface, such as a video adapter 1046. Inaddition to the monitor 1044, a computer 1000 typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1000 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections by wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1048. The remotecomputer(s) 1048 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentdevice, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer,although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1050 isillustrated. The logical connections depicted include wired/wirelessconnectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1052 and/or larger networks,e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1054. Such LAN and WAN networkingenvironments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitateenterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which canconnect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1000 isconnected to the local network 1052 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1056. The adapter 1056 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1052, which canalso include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicatingwith the wireless adapter 1056.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1000 can includea modem 1058, or is connected to a communications server on the WAN1054, or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1054, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1058, which can beinternal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to thesystem bus 1008 through the input device interface 1042. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer, orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1050. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexemplary and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

The computer is operable to communicate with any wireless devices orentities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., aprinter, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable dataassistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or locationassociated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand,restroom), and telephone. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth™wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefinedstructure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoccommunication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the Internet from acouch at home, in a hotel room, or a conference room at work, withoutwires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in a cellphone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send and receivedata indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a base station. Wi-Finetworks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, etc.) toprovide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A Wi-Fi networkcan be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and towired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networksoperate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, at an 10 Mbps(802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, or with productsthat contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can providereal-world performance similar to the basic 10 BaseT wired Ethernetnetworks used in many offices.

An aspect of 5G, which differentiates from previous 4G systems, is theuse of NR. NR architecture can be designed to support multipledeployment cases for independent configuration of resources used forRACH procedures. Since the NR can provide additional services than thoseprovided by LTE, efficiencies can be generated by leveraging the prosand cons of LTE and NR to facilitate the interplay between LTE and NR,as discussed herein.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” or “anembodiment,” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment,” “in one aspect,” or “in an embodiment,” in various placesthroughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

As used in this disclosure, in some embodiments, the terms “component,”“system,” “interface,” and the like are intended to refer to, orcomprise, a computer-related entity or an entity related to anoperational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, whereinthe entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware andsoftware, software, or software in execution, and/or firmware. As anexample, a component can be, but is not limited to being, a processrunning on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a threadof execution, computer-executable instructions, a program, and/or acomputer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both an applicationrunning on a server and the server can be a component

One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component can be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components can communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software application orfirmware application executed by one or more processors, wherein theprocessor can be internal or external to the apparatus and can executeat least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet anotherexample, a component can be an apparatus that provides specificfunctionality through electronic components without mechanical parts,the electronic components can comprise a processor therein to executesoftware or firmware that confer(s) at least in part the functionalityof the electronic components. In an aspect, a component can emulate anelectronic component via a virtual machine, e.g., within a cloudcomputing system. While various components have been illustrated asseparate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components canbe implemented as a single component, or a single component can beimplemented as multiple components, without departing from exampleembodiments.

In addition, the words “example” and “exemplary” are used herein to meanserving as an instance or illustration. Any embodiment or designdescribed herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to beconstrued as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments ordesigns. Rather, use of the word example or exemplary is intended topresent concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, theterm “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive“or.” That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, “Xemploys A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusivepermutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both Aand B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoinginstances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in thisapplication and the appended claims should generally be construed tomean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context tobe directed to a singular form.

Moreover, terms such as “mobile device equipment,” “mobile station,”“mobile,” subscriber station,” “access terminal,” “terminal,” “handset,”“communication device,” “mobile device” (and/or terms representingsimilar terminology) can refer to a wireless device utilized by asubscriber or mobile device of a wireless communication service toreceive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming orsubstantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoing termsare utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the relateddrawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “Base Station (BS),”BS transceiver, BS device, cell site, cell site device, “Node B (NB),”“evolved Node B (eNode B),” “home Node B (HNB)” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the application, and refer to a wirelessnetwork component or appliance that transmits and/or receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream orsignaling-stream from one or more subscriber stations. Data andsignaling streams can be packetized or frame-based flows.

Furthermore, the terms “device,” “communication device,” “mobiledevice,” “subscriber,” “customer entity,” “consumer,” “customer entity,”“entity” and the like are employed interchangeably throughout, unlesscontext warrants particular distinctions among the terms. It should beappreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automatedcomponents supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacityto make inference based on complex mathematical formalisms), which canprovide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Embodiments described herein can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology, comprising, but not limited to,wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), worldwideinteroperability for microwave access (WiMAX), enhanced general packetradio service (enhanced GPRS), third generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), third generation partnership project 2(3GPP2) ultra mobile broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA),Z-Wave, Zigbee and other 802.XX wireless technologies and/or legacytelecommunication technologies.

Systems, methods and/or machine-readable storage media for facilitatinga two-stage downlink control channel for 5G systems are provided herein.Legacy wireless systems such as LTE, Long-Term Evolution Advanced(LTE-A), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) etc. use fixed modulationformat for downlink control channels. Fixed modulation format impliesthat the downlink control channel format is always encoded with a singletype of modulation (e.g., quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)) and hasa fixed code rate. Moreover, the forward error correction (FEC) encoderuses a single, fixed mother code rate of 1/3 with rate matching. Thisdesign does not taken into the account channel statistics. For example,if the channel from the BS device to the mobile device is very good, thecontrol channel cannot use this information to adjust the modulation,code rate, thereby unnecessarily allocating power on the controlchannel. Similarly, if the channel from the BS to the mobile device ispoor, then there is a probability that the mobile device might not ableto decode the information received with only the fixed modulation andcode rate. As used herein, the term “infer” or “inference” refersgenerally to the process of reasoning about, or inferring states of, thesystem, environment, user, and/or intent from a set of observations ascaptured via events and/or data. Captured data and events can includeuser data, device data, environment data, data from sensors, sensordata, application data, implicit data, explicit data, etc. Inference canbe employed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states of interest based on aconsideration of data and events, for example.

Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources. Various classificationschemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks,expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusionengines) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/orinferred action in connection with the disclosed subject matter.

In addition, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method,apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosedsubject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, machine-readable device, computer-readablecarrier, computer-readable media, machine-readable media,computer-readable (or machine-readable) storage/communication media. Forexample, computer-readable media can comprise, but are not limited to, amagnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magneticstrip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video disc(DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory device (e.g.,card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that emulates a storagedevice and/or any of the above computer-readable media. Of course, thoseskilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be made to thisconfiguration without departing from the scope or spirit of the variousembodiments

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding FIGs, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: generating a unique identifier associated with a reference signal resource; allocating the reference signal resource with a type of reference signal and a list of index data representative of component carriers; configuring the reference signal resource to a user equipment device; transmitting the reference signal to the user equipment device; and facilitating the user equipment device to measure the reference signal associated with the unique identifier.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the facilitating further comprises using a quasi-colocation assumption for reference signal measurement.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the further facilitating further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for beam management.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the facilitating further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for mobility management.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a channel state information reference signal.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a phase-tracking reference signal.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a demodulation reference signal in an uplink transmission.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a demodulation reference signal in a downlink transmission.
 9. A method, comprising: generating, by a system comprising a processor, a unique identifier associated with a reference signal resource; allocating, by the system, the reference signal resource with a type of reference signal and a list of index data representative of component carriers; configuring, by the system, the reference signal resource to a user equipment device; transmitting, by the system, the reference signal to the user equipment device; and facilitating, by the system, the user equipment device to measure the reference signal associated with the unique identifier.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the facilitating, by the system, further comprises using a quasi-colocation assumption for reference signal measurement.
 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the facilitating, by the system, further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for beam management.
 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the facilitating, by the system, further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for mobility management.
 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a demodulation reference signal in a downlink transmission.
 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the generating the unique identifier comprises generating the unique identifier as a function of a first identifier associated with the system, the reference signal type, and a second identifier associated with the user equipment device.
 15. A machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: generating a unique identifier associated with a reference signal resource; allocating the reference signal resource with a type of reference signal and a list of index data representative of component carriers; configuring the reference signal resource to a user equipment device; transmitting the reference signal to the user equipment device; and facilitating the user equipment device to measure the reference signal associated with the unique identifier.
 16. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the facilitating further comprises using a quasi-colocation assumption for reference signal measurement.
 17. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the facilitating further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for beam management.
 18. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the facilitating further comprises using a reference symbol received power measurement for mobility management.
 19. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a channel state information reference signal.
 20. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the reference signal resource comprises a phase-tracking reference signal. 